|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Relationships between charcoal particles in air and sediments in west-central Siberia
James S. Clark
Jason Lynch
Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
Brian J. Stocks
Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, Canada P6A 5M7
Johann G. Goldammer
Fire Ecology Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Biogeochemistry Department, PO Box 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany
Production and size of charred particles determine transport and deposition in lakes. Lack of such data is a principal obstacle to interpretation of past fire from charcoal profiles. Our two-part analysis includes a calibration study, to assess charred-particle production and transport during fire, and a study of charred particles in sediment. The calibration step establishes the magnitude and size distribution of particle accumulation from traps during a controlled burn of Pinus sylvewtris forest in west-central Siberia. This high-intensity fire consumed 3.71 kg m-2 of fuels and produced 0.0729 kg m-2 of airborne particles, for an emission factor of 0.02 kg kg-1. Particle flux to the ground was 1 to 3 mm2cm-2 yr-1 inside the burn; it declined sharply within 5 m of the burn edge, and it was variable but without trend to a distance of 60 m. Particle-size distributions were conservative, with a slope of 2 on plots of log frequency versus log diameter, and sediment data suggest this slope may steepen as sources bcome more remote and as large particles are progressively lost due to settling. Deposition from the plume is similar to accumulation rates in sediment, with apparent upward bias in sediments as expected from broad geographic patterns in charcoal distributions. During the mid-Holocene charred-particle accumulation in lake sediments (101 mm2 cm-2 yr-1 was greater than observed in particle traps within the experimental burn. Particles were larger, suggesting nearby sources. Rates decreased by 3800 BP to values lower than average rates in particle traps, and samples were depleted in large particles. Low rates and infrequent large particles indicate sources were distant. Accumulation rates and particle sizes were again high from 3400 to 2800 and from 1400 to 700 BP. Close correspondence between the accumulation rates during the experimental burn and in sediments and particle evidence for source area, as well as their agreement with particle-trap data from the experimental burn, suggest that, in this region, fire may have been more frequent and closer in the mid-Holocene than today. We cannot rule out the possibility, however, that changes in charred particle accumulation also reflect changes in supply of sediment to the core site.
Key Words: Boreal forest • charcoal analysis • fire • experimental burn • fire history • lake sediments • fuels • Holocene • Siberia
The Holocene, Vol. 8, No. 1,
19-29 (1998)
DOI: 10.1191/095968398672501165
 CiteULike  Complore  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati  Twitter What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
D. Rius, B. Vanniere, and D. Galop
Fire frequency and landscape management in the northwestern Pyrenean piedmont, France, since the early Neolithic (8000 cal. BP)
The Holocene,
September 1, 2009;
19(6):
847 - 859.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Umbanhowar Jr, A. L.C. Shinneman, G. Tserenkhand, E. R. Hammon, P. Lor, and K. Nail
Regional fire history based on charcoal analysis of sediments from nine lakes in western Mongolia
The Holocene,
June 1, 2009;
19(4):
611 - 624.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Colombaroli, B. Vanniere, C. Emmanuel, M. Magny, and W. Tinner
Fire--vegetation interactions during the Mesolithic--Neolithic transition at Lago dell'Accesa, Tuscany, Italy
The Holocene,
August 1, 2008;
18(5):
679 - 692.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A. Ali, H. Asselin, A. C. Larouche, Y. Bergeron, C. Carcaillet, and P. J.H. Richard
Changes in fire regime explain the Holocene rise and fall of Abies balsamea in the coniferous forests of western Quebec, Canada
The Holocene,
August 1, 2008;
18(5):
693 - 703.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.I. Duffin, L. Gillson, and K.J. Willis
Testing the sensitivity of charcoal as an indicator of fire events in savanna environments: quantitative predictions of fire proximity, area and intensity
The Holocene,
February 1, 2008;
18(2):
279 - 291.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Carcaillet, A.-S. Perroux, A. Genries, and Y. Perrette
Sedimentary charcoal pattern in a karstic underground lake, Vercors massif, French Alps: implications for palaeo-fire history
The Holocene,
September 1, 2007;
17(6):
845 - 850.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Eckmeier, M. Rosch, O. Ehrmann, M. W.I. Schmidt, W. Schier, and R. Gerlach
Conversion of biomass to charcoal and the carbon mass balance from a slash-and-burn experiment in a temperate deciduous forest
The Holocene,
May 1, 2007;
17(4):
539 - 542.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.E. Collinson, D.C. Steart, A.C. Scott, I.J. Glasspool, and J.J. Hooker
Episodic fire, runoff and deposition at the Palaeocene-Eocene boundary
Journal of the Geological Society,
January 1, 2007;
164(1):
87 - 97.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ohlson, A. Korbol, and R. H. Okland
The macroscopic charcoal record in forested boreal peatlands in southeast Norway
The Holocene,
July 1, 2006;
16(5):
731 - 741.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Tinner, S. Hofstetter, F. Zeugin, M. Conedera, T. Wohlgemuth, L. Zimmermann, and R. Zweifel
Long-distance transport of macroscopic charcoal by an intensive crown fire in the Swiss Alps - implications for fire history reconstruction
The Holocene,
February 1, 2006;
16(2):
287 - 292.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Simard, I. Simard, H. Morin, and C. Lavoie
A millennial-scale reconstruction of spruce budworm abundance in Saguenay, Queebec, Canada
The Holocene,
January 1, 2006;
16(1):
31 - 37.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. E. Higuera, D. G. Sprugel, and L. B. Brubaker
Reconstructing fire regimes with charcoal from small-hollow sediments: a calibration with tree-ring records of fire
The Holocene,
February 1, 2005;
15(2):
238 - 251.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Umbanhowar Jr
Interaction of fire, climate and vegetation change at a large landscape scale in the Big Woods of Minnesota, USA
The Holocene,
July 1, 2004;
14(5):
661 - 676.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Carnelli, J.-P. Theurillat, M. Thinon, G. Vadi, and B. Talon
Past uppermost tree limit in the Central European Alps (Switzerland) based on soil and soil charcoal
The Holocene,
April 1, 2004;
14(3):
393 - 405.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Hallett, R. W. Mathewes, and R. C. Walker
A 1000-year record of forest fire, drought and lake-level change in southeastern British Columbia, Canada
The Holocene,
July 1, 2003;
13(5):
751 - 761.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Thevenon, D. Williamson, A. Vincens, M. Taieb, O. Merdaci, M. Decobert, and G. Buchet
A late-Holocene charcoal record from Lake Masoko, SW Tanzania: climatic and anthropologic implications
The Holocene,
July 1, 2003;
13(5):
785 - 792.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. M. Huber, U. M. Huber, and V. Markgraf
European impact on fire regimes and vegetation dynamics at the steppe-forest ecotone of southern Patagonia
The Holocene,
May 1, 2003;
13(4):
567 - 579.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Wooller and M. J. Wooller
Fossil grass cuticles from lacustrine sediments: a review of methods applicable to the analysis of tropical African lake cores
The Holocene,
January 1, 2002;
12(1):
97 - 105.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Gardner, J. J. Gardner, and C. Whitlock
Charcoal accumulation following a recent fire in the Cascade Range, northwestern USA, and its relevance for fire-history studies
The Holocene,
July 1, 2001;
11(5):
541 - 549.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Carcaillet, C. Carcaillet, M. Bouvier, B. Frechette, A. C. Larouche, and P. J.H. Richard
Comparison of pollen-slide and sieving methods in lacustrine charcoal analyses for local and regional fire history
The Holocene,
May 1, 2001;
11(4):
467 - 476.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ohlson, M. Ohlson, and E. Tryterud
Interpretation of the charcoal record in forest soils: forest fires and their production and deposition of macroscopic charcoal
The Holocene,
May 1, 2000;
10(4):
519 - 525.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Meadows
Biogeography: changing places, changing times
Progress in Physical Geography,
June 1, 1999;
23(2):
257 - 270.
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
