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Mid- to late-Holocene land-use change and lake development at Dallund Sø, Denmark: trends in lake primary production as reflected by algal and macrophyte remains

Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Department of Quaternary Geology, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark; Department of Geography, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; egb{at}geus.dk

Peter Rasmussen

Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Department of Quaternary Geology, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark

Helle Nielsen

Department of Phycology, Botanical Institute, University of Copenhagen, Oster Farimagsgade 2 D, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark

N. John Anderson

Department of Geography, Loughborough University, Loughborough LEI11 3TU, UK

Diatom, macrofossil, pollen, Pediastrum and biogenic silica analyses were carried out on an 11-m sediment sequence from the Danish lake Dallund Sø, demonstrating major changes in the aquatic ecosystem over the last 7000 years. A diatom-phosphorus calibration model was applied to the fossil diatom record to reconstruct in-lake total phosphorus (TP) concentrations over this period. Prior to the introduction of agriculture to the region, c. 6000 years ago, the lake was relatively deep and had low diatom-inferred TP concentrations (c. 20 g TP/L), with limited macrophyte growth. Moderate nutrient enrichment of the lake was inferred during the Bronze Age (1700-500 Bc) and Iron Age (500 BC-AD 1050) periods and evidence for water-level lowering was observed. Marked eutrophication of the lake (reconstructed TP levels consistently > 100 g/L) was associated with major changes in agriculture during the Mediaeval period (AD 1050-1536) and continued to the present day. These data document the long-term anthropogenic impact on Dallund Sø, a lake in an area with a long history of human activity.

Key Words: Lake development • land use • human impact • eutrophication • diatom-inferred total phosphorus • macrofossils • Pediastrum • Dallund Sø • Denmark • Holocene

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