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The Holocene
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REE3+ and Mn2+ activated cathodoluminescence in lateglacial and Holocene stalagmites of central Europe: evidence for climatic processes?

Detlev K. Richter

Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitdtsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany

Thomas Gotte

Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitdtsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany; thomas.goette{at}ruhr-uni-bochum.de

Stefan Niggemann

Georg Wurth

Institute for Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitdtsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany

Combined visual cathodoluminescence (CL) and spectral analyses of CL reveals periodic enrichments of rare earth elements (REE3+) and manganese (Mn2+) within the laminations of eight calcitic lateglacial to postglacial stalagmites. In the annual layers, the enrichment of trace elements can be correlated with the autumn/winter laminae, which are strongly pigmented and rich in organic carbon. During the Holocene, they occur especially in the Atlantic stage and in subrecent/recent times. The enrichment of REE3+ and Mn + reflects times of more intense weathering, which presumably prevailed during the Atlantic warm and humid climate. In subrecent/recent times, especially the last 100 years, these enrichments may have been at least partially anthropogenically induced.

Key Words: Stalagmites • cathodoluminescence • manganese • rare earth elements • REE • Mn • palaeoclimate • lateglacial • Holocene • central Europe

The Holocene, Vol. 14, No. 5, 759-768 (2004)
DOI: 10.1191/0959683604hl754rp
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