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The Holocene
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Pollen evidence for late-Holocene climatic variability at Laguna de Aculeo, Central Chile (lat. 34°S)

Rodrigo Villa-Martínez

Laboratorio de Palinología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile. Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Estudios del Cuaternario (CEQU A), Universidad de Magallane0s, 0Av. Bulnes 01855, Punta Arenas, Chile rvillama{at}icaro.dic.uchile.cl

Carolina Villagrán

Laboratorio de Palinología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile. Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile

Bettina Jenny

Department of Physical Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland

A pollen record is presented from Laguna de Aculeo (33°50'S, 70°55'W, 360m a.s.l.) that documents important vegetation changes over the last 2500cal. yr in Central Chile. Grasses, composites, trees, paludal and aquatic taxa dominated the Aculeo watershed between 2500 and 100cal. yr BP under a humid climate. Large amplitude fluctuations of pollen and microalgal accumulation rates and numerous turbidite layers during this interval, however, suggest high precipitation variability probably linked to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Although the expansion of warm sclerophyllous forest taxa over the last 100 years could be interpreted as an onset of a drier and warmer climate, this trend was more likely linked to human activities in the watershed. High accumulation rates of microscopic charcoal particles, exotic pollen taxa, and a shift from oligo-mesotrophic to hypereutrophic indicators would seem to back the latter hypothesis.

Key Words: Late Holocene • Central Chile • pollen • vegetation history • climatic variability • ENSO-like • Laguna Aculeo

The Holocene, Vol. 14, No. 3, 361-367 (2004)
DOI: 10.1191/0959683604hl712rp
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