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A 1400-year high-resolution record of atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic and Asia

Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; david.meekerKunh.edu

Paul A. Mayewski

Climate Change Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA; Institute for Quaternary and Climate Studies and Department of Geological Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA

Major ion series developed from new subannual scale sampling of an ice core from central Greenland are calibrated with instrumental series of atmospheric sea-level pressure recording major marine (Icelandic Low) and terrestrial (Siberian High) atmospheric circulation systems to provide proxy records of atmospheric circulation over the past 1400 years. Examination of the proxy records reveals: major changes in behaviour of these systems c. ad 1400, multidecadal- and centennial-scale periodic components, characterization of mean sea-level pressure anomaly fields during the ‘Little Ice Age’ and the ‘Mediaeval Warm Period’, the potential role of solar forcing, coupled ocean-atmosphere associations, and a perspective within which the characteristics of instrumental-era climate can be assessed.

Key Words: Atmospheric circulation • atmospheric pressure • ice core • instrumental record • periodicities • ‘Little Ice Age’ • ‘Mediaeval Warm Period’ • North Atlantic

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