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The Holocene
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Mediaeval climatic warming recorded by radiocarbon dated alpine tree-line shift on the Kola Peninsula, Russia

A. Hiller

T. Boettger

UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle Ltd., Department of Hydrogeology, Research Group of Palaeoclimatology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany

C. Kremenetski

Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny Lane 29, 109017 Moscow, Russia

Studies of the tree-line history in northern Fennoscandia provide useful evidence about the Holocene environment and the region's climatic history. Here we report on late-Holocene alpine tree-line movement in the Khibiny low mountains on the Kola Peninsula, northwestern Russia. A highly representative collection of subfossil woods above the modern tree-line was obtained and 49 pine samples were radiocarbon dated. Their radiocarbon ages range fromc. 1400 to 3000 yr BP with a distinct maximum betweenc. 800 and 1000 yr BP (about cal. ad 1000 to 1300). We conclude that, especially during the Mediaeval climatic optimum, pine forests grew at least 100–140 m above the modern pine tree-line in the Khibiny mountains.

Key Words: Alpine tree-line • subfossil wood • radiocarbon dating • Kola Peninsula • late Holocene • Pinus sylvestris • Mediaeval warm phase • Russia

The Holocene, Vol. 11, No. 4, 491-497 (2001)
DOI: 10.1191/095968301678302931
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