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Climatic change in Chile at around 2700 BP and global evidence for solar forcing: a hypothesis
Bas van Geel
Centre for Geo-ecological Research, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Calvin J. Heusser
100 Clinton Road, Tuxedo, New York 10987, USA
Hans Renssen
Centre for Geo-ecological Research, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Cor J.E. Schuurmans
Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Universiteit Utrecht, PO Box 80005, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
Palaeoecological and geological evidence for changing atmospheric circulation patterns in Chile indicates that equatorward and poleward shifts of the Southern Westerlies (Pacific precipitation source) were an important factor during Weichselian and Holocene climate change. We focus on the evidence and possible causes of considerable climate change in the Holocene at around 2700 BP, which was associated with a steep rise in atmospheric radiocarbon content, indicating an abrupt decrease in solar activity. Climate change may have been caused by the lowering of solar irradiation through two amplifying factors, namely (1) increased cosmic ray intensity, stimulating cloud formation and precipitation, and (2) reduced solar UV intensity, causing a decline of stratospheric ozone production and cooling as a result of less absorption of sunlight. A decrease in the latitudinal extent of Hadley Cell circulation may have occurred with concomitant equatorward relocation of mid-latitude storm tracks, which brought about northward movement of vegetation belts and advance of glaciers.
Key Words: Climatic teleconnections • solar forcing • climatic change • 2700 BP • Subboreal/Subatlantic transition • late Holocene • Chile
The Holocene, Vol. 10, No. 5,
659-664 (2000)
DOI: 10.1191/09596830094908
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